Gammon Forum

13723 david     18   0 26992  20m  896 S    0  1.0   0:01.07 trie
13748 david     17   0  8776 2612  896 S    0  0.1   0:00.10 trie

Suggested corrections for 'bote', e.d. = 1:
  bate bite bode boite bole bone bore bot bota botel both bots bott byte cote dote mote note rote tote vote

/***************************************************************

 Metaphone Algorithm

   Created by Lawrence Philips (location unknown). Metaphone presented
   in article in "Computer Language" December 1990 issue.

   Converted from Pick BASIC, as demonstrated in article, to C by
   Michael J. Kuhn (Baltimore, Maryland)

   My original intention was to replace SOUNDEX with METAPHONE in
   order to get lists of similar sounding names that were more precise.
   SOUNDEX maps "William" and "Williams" to the same values. METAPHONE
   as it turns out DOES THE SAME.  There are going to be problems
   that you need to resolve with your own set of data.

   Basically, for my problem with S's I think that if

      IF metaphone[strlen(metaphone)] == "S"
                                  AND strlen(metaphone) >= 4  THEN

           metaphone[strlen(metaphone)] = ""

   You can add you own rules as required.

   Also, Lawrence Philips suggests that for practical reasons only the
   first 4 characters of the metaphone be used. This happens to be the
   number of characters that Soundex produces. This is indeed practical
   if you already have reserved exactly 4 characters in your database.

   In addition an analysis of your data may show that names are split
   into undesirable "metaphone groups" as the number of metaphone characters
   increases.

             *********** BEGIN METAPHONE RULES ***********

 Lawrence Philips' RULES follow:

 The 16 consonant sounds:
                                             |--- ZERO represents "th"
                                             |
      B  X  S  K  J  T  F  H  L  M  N  P  R  0  W  Y

 Exceptions:

   Beginning of word: "ae-", "gn", "kn-", "pn-", "wr-"  ----> drop first letter
                      "Aebersold", "Gnagy", "Knuth", "Pniewski", "Wright"

   Beginning of word: "x"                                ----> change to "s"
                                      as in "Deng Xiaopeng"

   Beginning of word: "wh-"                              ----> change to "w"
                                      as in "Whalen"

 Transformations:

   B ----> B      unless at the end of word after "m", as in "dumb", "McComb"

   C ----> X      (sh) if "-cia-" or "-ch-"
           S      if "-ci-", "-ce-", or "-cy-"
                  SILENT if "-sci-", "-sce-", or "-scy-"
           K      otherwise, including in "-sch-"

   D ----> J      if in "-dge-", "-dgy-", or "-dgi-"
           T      otherwise

   F ----> F

   G ---->        SILENT if in "-gh-" and not at end or before a vowel
                            in "-gn" or "-gned"
                            in "-dge-" etc., as in above rule
           J      if before "i", or "e", or "y" if not double "gg"
           K      otherwise

   H ---->        SILENT if after vowel and no vowel follows
                         or after "-ch-", "-sh-", "-ph-", "-th-", "-gh-"
           H      otherwise

   J ----> J

   K ---->        SILENT if after "c"
           K      otherwise

   L ----> L

   M ----> M

   N ----> N

   P ----> F      if before "h"
           P      otherwise

   Q ----> K

   R ----> R

   S ----> X      (sh) if before "h" or in "-sio-" or "-sia-"
           S      otherwise

   T ----> X      (sh) if "-tia-" or "-tio-"
           0      (th) if before "h"
                  silent if in "-tch-"
           T      otherwise

   V ----> F

   W ---->        SILENT if not followed by a vowel
           W      if followed by a vowel

   X ----> KS

   Y ---->        SILENT if not followed by a vowel
           Y      if followed by a vowel

   Z ----> S

 **************************************************************/

1="knave"
2="knife"
3="naive"
4="nave"
5="navy"
6="nova"
7="novae"

1="casualness"
2="casualness's"
3="gasoline"
4="gasoline's"
5="gazillion"
6="gazillions"
7="gosling"
8="gosling's"
9="guzzling"